发动机机油滤清器虑层强度分析及优化

针对机油滤清器工作工况下进出口压差、机油滤层强度及导流桩高度等问题, 通过试验测试与仿真相结合, 对滤清器初步设计进行了评估及优化, 以确保滤清器在工作工况下进出口压降及滤层强度能满足要求. 首先进行滤层性能试验, 得到滤层的惯性阻力系数和黏性阻力系数; 再通过滤层多孔介质CFD分析, 对滤清器进出口压降进行分析计算. 结果表明: 在-18℃、25℃和70℃的工况下, 进出口压降都小于10kPa, 满足相关要求. 针对滤层的最大主应力超过其抗拉强度的问题, 通过CAE仿真分析, 优化滤层与导流桩间隙, 将滤层最大主应力由110.1MPa降至36.99MPa, 小于其抗拉强度42.8MPa.     

Conformational change-modulated spin transport at single-molecule level in carbon systems

Controlling the spin transport at the single-molecule level, especially without the use of ferromagnetic contacts, becomes a focus of research in spintronics. Inspired by the progress on atomic-level molecular synthesis, through first-principles calculations, we investigate the spin-dependent electronic transport of graphene nanoflakes with side-bonded functional groups, contacted by atomic carbon chain electrodes. It is found that, by rotating the functional group, the spin polarization of the transmission at the Fermi level could be switched between completely polarized and unpolarized states. Moreover, the transition between spin-up and spin-down polarized states can also be achieved, operating as a dual-spin filter. Further analysis shows that, it is the spin-dependent shift of density of states, caused by the rotation, that triggers the shift of transmission peaks, and then results in the variation of spin polarization. Such a feature is found to be robust to the length of the nanoflake and the electrode material, showing great application potential. Those findings may throw light on the development of spintronic devices.     

Analysis,design and simulation of MIM plasmonic filters with different geometries for technical parameters improvement

In this paper, four optical filter topologies based on metal–insulator–metal waveguides are proposed and the designed structures are investigated numerically using finite-difference timedomain method. Triangular-shaped adjunctions have been added to the filter structures to improve their transmission spectrum. These improved structures consist of air as the insulator and silver as the metal. The relative permittivity of metal has been described via the Drude,Drude–Lorentz, and Palik models. The first filter's transmission spectrum shows an acceptable transmittance. In the second optimized filter, the transmission spectrum has been improved. The transmittance spectrum can be tuned through adjusting the edge of the triangle in these four optimized filters. As a result, the bandwidths of resonance spectra can be adjusted. The theory of such tapered structures will be investigated by the tapered transmission line and will be solved with the transfer matrix method. This method shows a better performance and higher transmission efficiency in comparison with the basic structures. On the other hand, the final filter has been chosen as the best one because of its hexagonal resonator. The main reason for having a better result is due to a longer interaction length in comparison with the circular resonator. This in turn creates much better energy coupling and results in higher transmission.     

光子晶体光纤温度压力传感器

提出了一种在高温环境下同时测量温度和气压的光子晶体光纤温度压力传感器.在普通单模光纤和光子晶体光纤之间熔接一段空心光纤构成干涉结构.空心光纤段构成非本征法布里-珀罗干涉仪,利用光子晶体光纤的微孔与外界相通,通过气体折射率变化来测量环境中的气压变化;光子晶体光纤段构成本征法布里-珀罗干涉仪,利用热膨胀效应和热光效应来测量环境中的温度.传感器的解调通过自制的白光干涉解调仪实现,实验通过测量腔长得到被测环境的温度和气压.在不同温度和气压环境下,对腔长分别为306μm和1535μm的温度压力光纤传感器进行连续测量.实验结果表明,传感器能够在28~800℃的温度下和0~10 MPa的气压下稳定工作,测量范围内温度灵敏度可达17.4 nm/℃,压力灵敏度随温度增加而降低,在28℃时可达1460.5 nm/MPa.     

Enhancing signal-to-noise ratio and resolution in low-field NMR relaxation measurements using post-acquisition digital filters

The traditional way to enhance signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals is to increase the number of scans. However, this procedure increases the measuring time that can be prohibitive for some applications. Therefore, we have tested the use of several post-acquisition digital filters to enhance SNR up to one order of magnitude in time domain NMR (TD-NMR) relaxation measurements. The procedures were studied using continuous wave free precession (CWFP-T₁) signals, acquired with very low flip angles that contain six times more noise than the Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill (CPMG) signal of the same sample and experimental time. Linear (LI) and logarithmic (LO) data compression, low-pass infinity impulse response (LP), Savitzky–Golay (SG), and wavelet transform (WA) post-acquisition filters enhanced the SNR of the CWFP-T₁ signals by at least six times. The best filters were LO, SG, and WA that have high enhancement in SNR without significant distortions in the ILT relaxation distribution data. Therefore, it was demonstrated that these post-acquisition digital filters could be a useful way to denoise CWFP-T₁, as well as CPMG noisy signals, and consequently reducing the experimental time. It was also demonstrated that filtered CWFP-T₁ method has the potential to be a rapid and nondestructive method to measure fat content in beef and certainly in other meat samples.     

The single-polarization filter composed of gold-coated photonic crystal fiber

A single-polarization filter comprising a gold-coated photonic crystal fiber based on surface plasmon resonance is designed and investigated. The pattern matching and coupled polarization characteristics analyzed by the full-vector finite element method (FEM) and losses at 1,540 nm are achieved to 1,016.01739 dB/cm (x-pol core mode) and 33.81917 dB/cm (y-pol core mode). The crosstalk (CT) value of the 1,540 nm band is ?853.12653 dB for fiber length $L=1,000\mathrm{\mu }\text{m}$ and the bandwidth is 850 nm. The working wavelength of the filter ranges from 1,280 nm to 1,540 nm by varying the diameter of outer air holes ($d_1$), the diameter of inner air holes ($d_4$), the metal film thickness (t), as well as the liquid refractive index (n).     

Design of diamond-shape photonic crystal fiber polarization filter based on surface plasma resonance effect

A novel plasmonic polarization filter based on the diamond-shape photonic crystal fiber(PCF) is proposed. The resonant coupling characteristics of the PCF polarization filter are investigated by the full-vector finite-element method. By optimizing the geometric parameters of the PCF, when the fiber length is 5 mm, the polarization filter has a bandwidth of 990 nm and an extinction ratio(ER) of lower than -20 dB. Moreover, a single wavelength polarization filter can also be achieved, along with an ER of -279.78 dB at wavelength 1.55 μm. It is believed that the proposed PCF polarization filter will be very useful in laser and optical communication systems.     

基于科赫曲线分形结构太赫兹带通滤波器

太赫兹滤波器是太赫兹通信、太赫兹成像和太赫兹检测等太赫兹应用系统中不可或缺的功能器件。按照不同的分类方式,滤波器有不同的种类,常见的按照选频功能可分为高通滤波器、低通滤波器、带阻滤波器和带通滤波器。为了实现在太赫兹波段的滤波效果,世界各地的研究人员利用不同的结构、材料和控制方式实现了功能各异的太赫兹滤波器,但是考虑到设计的器件要应用到太赫兹系统中,成本低廉、结构简单、性能优越的太赫兹滤波器一直是研究人员的追求。分形概念自提出以来在很多研究领域都有了快速发展,但是在太赫兹波段的应用还不是很常见,特别是应用于太赫兹功能器件的设计。引入分形中科赫曲线的概念设计并制备了一种新型的太赫兹带通滤波器,该滤波器是在金属薄膜上刻蚀出科赫曲线分形结构,当太赫兹波垂直入射到该滤波器时候实现了在太赫兹波段的窄带滤波。在滤波器的设计过程中,追求理论与实验相结合,首先在电磁仿真软件中建立科赫曲线分形结构滤波器模型进行计算,探究分形结构应用于太赫兹波段进行滤波的可行性,在进行多次计算之后得到优化后的尺寸和结构,然后根据优化后的尺寸加工出科赫曲线分形结构太赫兹滤波器样品,并且将样品放在太赫兹时域光谱系统中进行实验测量,得到实验数据后与仿真结果进行比较。在仿真中利用了时域有限差分法模拟科赫曲线分形结构太赫兹带通滤波器的传输特性,优化后的仿真结果表明:滤波器的谐振频率为0.715 THz,透射系数能够达到0.92,-3 dB带宽为21.9 GHz,将仿真得到的散射参数进行S参数反演得到了太赫兹滤波器样品的电磁参数,这在理论上分析了太赫兹波在谐振点处产生透射增强的原因。利用飞秒激光微加工系统制备了尺寸优化后的科赫曲线分形结构太赫兹带通滤波器样品,然后使用太赫兹时域光谱系统对样品的传输特性进行测试,对实验得到的时域数据进行快速傅里叶变换之后得到频域数据,再把频域数据进行归一化处理后与之前的电磁仿真结果进行对比,发现实验测得的结果与电磁软件仿真得到的结果较为吻合。     

基于NICE-OHMS技术进行大气压气样直接检测的理论分析

噪声免疫腔增强光外差分子光谱技术(NICE-OHMS)是目前世界上最灵敏的激光吸收光谱技术,其在低压环境中具有极高的探测灵敏度。然而当测量样品处于大气压时,NICE-OHMS系统的探测灵敏度会大幅下降。主要原因之一是大气压下获取最大NICE-OHMS信号幅度的条件与低气压下不同。通过对大气压NICE-OHMS理论进行分析,分析了影响信号幅度的参数,并通过数值模拟来寻找最佳的实验条件。本文着重讨论影响信号的主要参数包括光学腔腔长L,调制系数β,探测相位θ。其中,由于在NICE-OHMS中使用DeVoe-Brewer技术将调制频率ν_m锁定到Fabry-Parot(FP)腔的自由光谱区(FSR)。因此FP腔的腔长决定了ν_m,同时还作用于信号幅度S■。模拟结果显示,当腔长增大时,由于ν_m随之减小,载波和边带的光谱成分相互重叠部分增大,因此线型函数的幅度逐渐减小。而吸收信号幅度随着腔长的增加而逐渐增加,色散信号幅度先增大后减小,并且在腔长等于8 cm时达到最大值。调制系数β会影响频率调制后激光载波和边带的幅度大小,并且影响信号线型。随着腔长的增加,最大信号幅度对应的β值也随之增加。在相同腔长下,色散信号的最佳β值小于吸收信号,更容易使用电光调制器实现。最后分析了参数的可实现性,分析了不同种类激光器的频率调谐能力,压电陶瓷的扫描宽度等。以乙炔气体为例,大气压下NICE-OHMS的谱线半宽达到~3 GHz,而光谱覆盖范围大于10 GHz。分布反馈式半导体激光器(DFB)与外腔二极管激光器(ECDL)的频率调谐范围可以达到30 GHz以上,但是由于激光线宽宽,得到的PDH锁定性能欠佳。回音壁模式激光器(WGM)和掺饵光纤激光器(EDFL)线宽为百Hz量级,是目前高灵敏NICE-OHMS系统中常用的光源。但是WGM目前可以实现了5 GHz的激光频率调谐范围,而EDFL的外部电压可控制的调谐范围仅为3 GHz。使用精细度为55000的腔进行模拟,调制系数β=1,腔长大于8 cm时,可使用WGM激光器实现,腔长大于25 cm时,可以使用EDFL激光器实现。而对于在设计光学腔中常用的伸缩长度为25μm的PZT,随着腔长的增加,对应的腔模频移范围逐渐减小,在腔长为典型的40 cm时,扫描范围大于12 GHz。